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This phase II trial investigates how well sacituzumab govitecan and atezolizumab work in preventing triple negative breast cancer from coming back (recurrence). Atezolizumab is a protein that affects the immune system by blocking the PD-L1 pathway. The PD-L1 pathway controls the bodys natural immune response, but for some types of cancer the immune system does not work as it should and is prevented from attacking tumors. Atezolizumab works by blocking the PD-L1 pathway, which may help the immune system identify and catch tumor cells. Sacituzumab govitecan is a monoclonal antibody, called sacituzumab, linked to a chemotherapy drug, called SN-38. Sacituzumab is a form of targeted therapy because it attaches to specific molecules (receptors) on the surface of cancer cells, known as TROP2 receptors, and delivers SN-38 to kill them. Giving sacituzumab govitecan and atezolizumab may work as a treatment for residual cancer in the breast or lymph nodes.

This phase III trial tests two hypotheses in patients with low-risk and average-risk medulloblastoma. Medulloblastoma is a type of cancer that occurs in the back of the brain. The term, risk, refers to the chance of the cancer coming back after treatment. Subjects with low-risk medulloblastoma typically have a lower chance of the cancer coming back than subjects with average-risk medulloblastoma. Although treatment for newly diagnosed average-risk and low-risk medulloblastoma is generally effective at treating the cancer, there are still concerns about the side effects of such treatment. Side effects or unintended health conditions that arise due to treatment include learning difficulties, hearing loss or other issues in performing daily activities. Standard therapy for newly diagnosed average-risk or low-risk medulloblastoma includes surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy (including cisplatin). Cisplatin may cause hearing loss as a side effect. In the average-risk medulloblastoma patients, this trial tests whether the addition of sodium thiosulfate (STS) to standard of care chemotherapy and radiation therapy reduces hearing loss. Previous studies with STS have shown that it may help reduce or prevent hearing loss caused by cisplatin. In the low-risk medulloblastoma patients, the study tests whether a less intense therapy (reduced radiation) can provide the same benefits as the more intense therapy. The less intense therapy may cause fewer side effects. Radiation therapy uses high energy x-rays to kill tumor cells and shrink tumors. Cisplatin is in a class of medications known as platinum-containing compounds. It works by killing, stopping or slowing the growth of cancer cells. The overall goals of this study are to see if giving STS along with standard treatment (radiation therapy and chemotherapy) will reduce hearing loss in medulloblastoma patients and to compare the overall outcome of patients with medulloblastoma treated with STS to patients treated without STS on a previous study in order to make sure that survival and recurrence of tumor is not worsened.

This phase III trial investigates the best dose of vinblastine in combination with selumetinib and the benefit of adding vinblastine to selumetinib compared to selumetinib alone in treating children and young adults with low-grade glioma (a common type of brain cancer) that has come back after prior treatment (recurrent) or does not respond to therapy (progressive). Selumetinib is a drug that works by blocking a protein that lets tumor cells grow without stopping. Vinblastine blocks cell growth by stopping cell division and may kill cancer cells. Giving selumetinib in combination with vinblastine may work better than selumetinib alone in treating recurrent or progressive low-grade glioma.

This phase II trial studies how well inotuzumab ozogamicin works in treating younger patients with B-lymphoblastic lymphoma or CD22 positive B acute lymphoblastic leukemia that has come back (relapsed) or does not respond to treatment (refractory). Inotuzumab ozogamicin is a monoclonal antibody, called inotuzumab, linked to a toxic agent called ozogamicin. Inotuzumab attaches to CD22 positive cancer cells in a targeted way and delivers ozogamicin to kill them.

This phase II trial tests how well neratinib prior to the primary treatment (neoadjuvant) works in treating patients with stage I-III HER2 mutated lobular breast cancers. Neratinib is in a class of medications called kinase inhibitors. It works by blocking the action of an abnormal protein that signals cancer cells to multiply. This helps slow or stop the spread of cancer cells. Giving neratinib in addition to normal therapy may work better in treating cancer than the endocrine therapy patients would normally receive.

The PIK3CA gene is frequently mutated in breast cancer, leading to disease aggressiveness and
patient mortality. Alpelisib, a small molecule that inhibits the activity of the PIK3CA gene
product PI3K, has demonstrated clinical benefit in cancer patients with this gene mutation.
However, hyperglycemia, an on-target toxicity associated with alpelisib that leads to
hyperinsulinemia, limits the drug's clinical efficacy and induces high grade hyperglycemia in
patients with baseline metabolic dysfunction, insulin resistance and/or elevated HbA1c.
Restoring insulin sensitivity and reduction in circulating concentrations of insulin have
been reported to improve the activity of alpelisib.

Evexomostat (SDX-7320) is a polymer-conjugate of a novel small molecule methionine
aminopeptidase 2 (MetAP2) inhibitor that has demonstrated the ability to reduce
alpelisib-induced hyperglycemia in multiple animal experiments and has demonstrated
synergistic anti-tumor activity independent of changes in glucose or insulin. Evexomostat was
well tolerated in a Phase 1 safety study in late-stage cancer patients and showed
improvements in insulin resistance for patients that presented with baseline elevated
insulin. Overall, the most common treatment-emergent adverse events with evexomostat (TEAEs)
were fatigue (44%), decreased appetite (38%), constipation and nausea (each 28%), and
diarrhea (22%). All other TEAEs occurred at an incidence <20%.

The purpose of this study is to characterize the safety of the triplet drug combination
(alpelisib, fulvestrant plus evexomostat), to test whether evexomostat, when given in
combination with alpelisib and fulvestrant will reduce the number and severity of
hyperglycemic events and/or reduce the number of anti-diabetic medications needed to control
the hyperglycemia for patients deemed at risk for alpelisib-induced hyperglycemia (baseline
elevated HbA1c or well-controlled type 2 diabetes), and to assess preliminary anti-tumor
efficacy and changes in key biomarkers and quality of life in this patient population.

This is a Phase III open-label study to assess if camizestrant improves outcomes compared to
standard adjuvant endocrine therapy for patients with ER+/HER2- early breast cancer with
intermediate-high or high risk for disease recurrence who completed definitive locoregional
therapy (with or without chemotherapy). The planned duration of treatment in either arm
within the study will be 7 years.

This study is a Phase III, Randomized, Controlled, Global Multicenter Study to Evaluate the
Efficacy and Safety of Oral Tinengotinib versus Physician's Choice in Subjects with
Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR)-altered, Chemotherapy- and FGFR
Inhibitor-Refractory/Relapsed Cholangiocarcinoma

This phase II trial tests how well evaluating circulating tumor deoxyribonucleic acid (ctDNA) works to guide therapy-change decisions in treating patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) that has spread from where it first started (primary site) to other places in the body (metastatic). This study wants to learn if small pieces of DNA associated with a tumor (called circulating tumor DNA, or ctDNA) can be detected in investigational blood tests during the course of standard chemotherapy treatment for breast cancer, and whether information from such investigational ctDNA blood testing could possibly be used as an early indication of chemotherapy treatment failure. It is hoped that additional information from investigational blood testing for ctDNA could help doctors to switch more quickly from a standard chemotherapy treatment that typically has significant side effects and which may not be working, to a different standard treatment regimen against TNBC, called sacituzumab govitecan. Sacituzumab govitecan is a monoclonal antibody, called hRS7, linked to a chemotherapy drug, called irinotecan. hRS7 is a form of targeted therapy because it attaches to specific molecules (receptors) on the surface of cancer cells, known as TROP2 receptors, and delivers irinotecan to kill them. Studying ctDNA may assist doctors to change therapy earlier if needed, and may improve health outcomes in patients with metastatic TNBC.

This phase II trial tests how well canakinumab works to prevent progression to cancer in patients with clonal cytopenias of unknown significance (CCUS). CCUS is a blood condition defined by a decrease in blood cells. Blood cells are composed of either red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets. In patients with CCUS, blood counts have been low for a long period of time. Patients with CCUS also have a mutation in one of the genes that are responsible for helping blood cells develop. The combination of genetic mutations and low blood cell counts puts patients with CCUS at a higher risk to develop blood cancers in the future. This transformation from low blood cell counts to cancer may be caused by inflammation in the body. Canakinumab is a monoclonal antibody that may block inflammation in the body by targeting a specific antibody called the anti-human interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta).